Intercoder or inter-rater reliability refers to the degree of agreement among independent coders in their categorization or interpretation of data. High reliability reflects not only the consistent application of coding criteria but also a meaningful level of consensus among coders. This suggests that the analysis is not merely subjective, but systematic and replicable. Such consistency and shared understanding are essential for establishing the trustworthiness, rigor, and credibility of research findings.

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Understanding widespread misconceptions in statistics is essential for anyone working with quantitative data. By recognizing these pitfalls, researchers can more critically evaluate statistical claims, design more robust studies, analyze data more effectively, and report findings with greater accuracy and confidence.

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